γ-Aminobutyric acid

γ-Aminobutyric Acid

Foreign Name: γ-aminobutyric acid

Alias / Abbreviation: GABA

Molecular Formula: C₄H₉NO₂

Structural Formula:

Relative Molecular Mass: 103.12 (based on 2019 international relative atomic masses)

Thermal Resistance: 202℃

Suitable pH Range: 2–11

Solubility: Completely water-soluble

Brownish-yellow liquid or white crystalline powder, optically inactive

Miscible with water, slightly soluble in ethanol and propanol, insoluble in benzene and diethyl ether

Functions of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA):

① Promotes plant vegetative growth and absorption of key nutrients

② Enhances plant photosynthesis and energy metabolism

③ Regulates intracellular pH in plants

④ Improves plant stress resistance, including tolerance to high and low temperatures and drought

⑤ Affects levels of plant signaling substances (endogenous hormones)

⑥ Promotes plant reproductive growth and induces ethylene synthesis

⑦ Acts as both a metabolite and a signaling molecule, playing an active role in plant disease resistance